PHP - I Need To Replace Certain Characters

I display file names by this simple code
echo $path_parts['filename'], "\n";

1. How can I replace some characters, e.g. replacing "_" with " " (space)?
2. How can I capitalize the output words?

Hi, I believe this is my first post on here. First off let me say thank you for silently helping out in the past while I keep on learning PHP.

I have decided to build an image gallery, and I am having problems with the page numbering links and the breadcrumbs.

Reson I decided to build my own is that I wanted a challange to learn more.
I could not find anything that would intregrate with the site as I wanted it to (pulled as a function so offers some customising with options).

The problem that I am having is that the <a href= tag is starting to give multipul "/"s when I only need one, so that the url at the top is coming up as

http://localhost/mmv4/gallery/pics///Ax/Ax_Jo/

when I am wanting http://localhost/mmv4/gallery/pics/Ax/Ax_Jo/IMG_4244.JPG.

I have used str_replace to catch //s and more, but this then adds odd slashes on the end so the page numbeing is getting odd results. some dirs have the / on the end and some do not, so the links are sometimes "visited" and others not.

I beleve that the problem is generated in
Code: [Select]
<?php
if(isset($_GET['album'])) {
      //load the available dirs into an array so that the sneeky users cannot get further back.
      $files = scandir($gal);
      $dirs = array();
      foreach($files as $file){
         if($file != '.' && $file != '..' && $file != 'thumbs') {
            if(is_dir($gal."/".$file)) {
               $dirs[] = $file;
               //echo $file ."<br />\n";
            }
         }
      }
      
      //if(in_array($_GET['album'],$dirs)) {
         $album = "/".$_GET['album']."/";
         $album = str_replace("..", "", $album);
      //}
      //else {
      //   $output .= "<p>There is no album called \"$_GET[album]\", please select an album from below.</p>";
      //}
   }

or the breadcrumbs bit
Code: [Select]
<?php
if($crumbs == 1) {
      //bread crums
       $path = $gal.$album;
       $path = explode("/", $path);
   
   
       $crumbs = array();
       foreach($path as $key => $value) {
          if($value != ""){
             $crumbs[] = $value;
          }
       }
       // create Breadcrumbs div
   
       $output .= "<div id=\"breadcrumbs\">";
       $number = count($crumbs);
       $real = "";
       foreach($crumbs as $num => $link) {
          if ($link == $gal) {
             $link = "Gallery Home";
          }
          if ($num == $number -1) {
             $output .= $link;
          }
          else{
             if ($num >= 1){
                $real ="";
                for($x=1; $x<=$num; $x++) {
                   $real .= "/".$crumbs[$x];
                }
                $output .= "<a href=\"?album=".str_replace("/", "",$real)."\">".$link."</a>"." <- ";
             }
             else{
                $output .= "<a href=\"?album=".str_replace("/", "",$real)."\">".$link."</a>"." <- ";
             }
          }
          $num +1;
         
       }
   
       //close breadcrumbs div
       $output .= "</div>";
   }

Can any one please help me shed some light on this one, I am confused.
I can send / attach the full source if needed.

MOD EDIT: tags fixed for syntax highlighting . . .

The situation is that I have a large string with some identifiers to say "replace me" with something else. My goal is to replace the values, but if one replacement includes one of the other keys, I don't want to replace it.   For example:

<?php
$str = 'some blob ~abc~ followed by ~def~';

$arr_orig = array(
	'~abc~',
	'~def~'
);

$arr_new  = array(
	'value~def~',
	'blah'
);

echo str_replace( $arr_orig, $arr_new, $str );
?>

This will echo: some blob valueblah followed by blah   But that's not what I'm trying to accomplish. Basically, I want ~abc~ to be replaced with the literal: value~def~ and for the ~def~ that happens to be part of that string to NOT be replaced. I hope what I'm asking is clear. Basically, preg_replace/str_replace with arrays seems no different than just doing a FOR loop and replacing ~abc~ and then ~def~. But that's not what I need.   I'm hoping that if ~abc~ is replaced with text that happens to be another identifier -- ~def~, ~xyz~, whatever -- that this already replaced text is not again replaced. Is there a built-in function to do something like this? If not, should I just parse the whole string and count characters or something? Seems like a pain (and slow!)

Hi
i wrote a find and replace code but my code replace last value of array and skip the first, second.... values in the array.
Please give me an idea because i stack with this code.

Regards


$KeyWord  = explode("\n", $RowGetWords['KEYWORDS']);
$Replace  = explode("\n", $RowGetWords['ReplaceTo']);

for($i=0; $i<count($KeyWord); $i++){
$pattern = $KeyWord[$i];
$replace = "<a href=\"" .$URL. "\" target=\"_blank\" >" .$Replace[$i]. "</a>";
$html = str_replace($pattern, $replace, $Row['MessageBody']);
}