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PHP - Functions, Variables And Globals
Learning something new here so if anyone can tell me why I this wont return a value?
page1.php Code: [Select] <?php require "page2.php"; getuserid(); echo $userID; ?> page2.php Code: [Select] <?php function getuserid() { $user =& JFactory::getUser(); $userID = $user->id; global $userID; } ?> Similar TutorialsI have a database that holds a list of companies. the database includes and ID, and name of each company. Now when an articles gets submitted to my site it can then be related to company. We a relate a company to an article its related through its ID. What I want to do is create a function that would let me easly convert my company ID into company name within having to write out the queries over and over again in my code. Only problem is I can't get it to work. I have two files, index.php and functions.php. functions.php Code: [Select] function cname($pubid) { global $db; $company= $db->query("SELECT * FROM my_database WHERE id='$pubid'") or die(mysql_error()); while($company= $db->fetch_array($company)) { $cname = $company['name']; } return $cname; } and within index.php I put Code: [Select] echo cname($companyID); Now, when I first looked at index.php I was getting an error. I know it had something to do with me using my variables within the function and after some searching I ended up getting rid of the error by adding "global $db;" to my code. Please note that I include functions.php at the top of index.php. What am I doing wrong and why wont it work? HELP PLEASE! also note that my i've rechecked and all the database info is correct and names spelt right. Just dont know what else to do. I think I need to use $this, but I need to be able to add the two values returned from both of my functions. How would I do that? Code: [Select] public function get_users_edge($uid) { $users_primary->get_users_primary_edge($uid); $users_dynamic->get_users_dynamic_edge($uid); echo $users_primary + $users_dynamic; } I have this function: Code: [Select] function echo_exist($pre1,$ee,$post1) { if ($ee!='') { return $pre1; return $ee; return $post1; } else { //do nothing } } But when I try to echo it Code: [Select] echo_exist("(","$row['payment_type']",")"); I get syntax error, unexpected T_ENCAPSED_AND_WHITESPACE If $row['payment_type'] exists, I want it to be displayed in parentheses like: (AUTO) I suspect it has to do with my ' characters for the associative array, but I am new with functions so perhaps it is the multiple arguments that are wrong? Still working on my project, and i have been learning a lot here! Thank you so much. But as you may have guessed, i still have problems. User registration is working, and new users are put in the database with a rank of 0. This means they can't do anything. (can there be trouble with this. I mean, a rank of "0"?) An admin needs to give access to these accounts, but that is where it becomes difficult. The following code is showing the new accounts to the admin. Code: [Select] <?php include("navbar.php"); if ($admin<2) //normal guy or not { die ("Du har ikke rettigheder til at se denne side!"); } else if(isset($_POST['submit'])) { //code to make the user able to use stuff } { $connect = mysql_connect("localhost","root",""); mysql_select_db("eksamen - phoenix"); $query = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE rank='0'"); ?> <form action='admin.php' method='POST'> <table> <?php while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query)) { echo " <tr> <td> ".$row['username']." </td> <td> ".$row['email']." </td> <td> ".$row['real_name']." </td> <td> <input type=\"checkbox\" name=".$row['username']." value=\"Godkend\"> </td> </tr> ";} ?> <tr> <td> <input type='submit' name='submit' value='Register'> </td> </tr> </table> </form> <?php } ?> As you may see, there is a lot of turning php on and off. I made it work this way, but i guess there is nothing wrong with it. The problem is that the username is not stored, so i can connect to the database and change the "rank" value. Changing that value should be easy, but storing the username is as easy as i thought. Any ideas? I've written the following code: Code: [Select] $mode = 'development'; // 'Development' or 'Public' // Writes a buffer to a file /** * ob_file_callback() * Writes the generated CSS to a file. * @param mixed $buffer * @return void */ function ob_file_callback($buffer) { // stylesheet-public.css is the output generated file $ob_file = fopen('stylesheet-' . $mode . '.css','w'); fwrite($ob_file, $buffer); } $buffer = 'test'; ob_start('ob_file_callback'); $mode is always empty when I run this code. Is it an issue because ob_file_callback is an overridden function? I have a little problem. I have made a script(function) to connect to the database. this is the script: connect(php) Code: [Select] <?php $server = "localhost"; $username = "username"; $password = "password"; function connectdatabase($type,$database) { if($type == "mysql") { $mysql = mysql_connect($server, $username, $password); mysql_select_db($database, $mysql); } else if($type == "mysqli") { $mysqli = new mysqli($server, $username, $password, $database); } else if($type == "mssql") { $mssql = mssql_connect($server, $username, $password); mssql_select_db($database, $mssql); } function query($query) { if($type == "mysql") { mysql_query($query); } else if($type == "mysqli") { $mysqli->query($query); } else if($type == "mssql") { mssql_query($query); } } } ?> and aanmelden(php) Code: [Select] <?php include("config.php"); connectdatabase("mysql", "[ledensysteem]"); //example if(!empty($_POST)) { if(!preg_match('/^[A-Za-z1-9-]{'.$Minimale_Gebruikersnaam_Karakters.',}$/', $_POST['gebruikersnaam'])) { if(!isset($error)){ $error=1;}else{$error=$error+1;} echo "Je gebruikersnaam moet minimaal {$Minimale_Gebruikersnaam_Karakters} tekens bevaten en mag geen komma of andere onbedoelde tekens zijn<br>Toegestaan is <br>A t/m Z <br>a t/m z <br>1 t/m 9 <br>en -"; } else { echo "geldige gebruikersnaam(goedgekeurd)"; } if(preg_match('/^[A-Za-z1-9-]{'.$Minimale_Wachtwoord_Karakters.',}$/', $_POST['wachtwoord']) && preg_match('/^[A-Za-z1-9-]{'.$Minimale_Wachtwoord_Karakters.',}$/', $_POST['herhaalwachtwoord'])) { if($_POST['wachtwoord'] != $_POST['herhaalwachtwoord']) { if(!isset($error)){ $error=1;}else{$error=$error+1;} echo "niet hetzelfde wachtwoord"; } /*else { echo "hetzelfde wachtwoord (goedgekeurd)"; }*/ } else { if(!isset($error)){ $error=1;}else{$error=$error+1;} echo "wachtwoord moet minimaal {$Minimale_Wachtwoord_Karakters} tekens bevatten!"; } if(!preg_match("/^[A-Za-z1-9_.-]{1,}@[A-Za-z1-9-]{1,}\.[A-Za-z1-9]{2,3}$/", $_POST['email'])) { if(!isset($error)){ $error=1;}else{$error=$error+1;} echo "onjuiste email"; } else { echo "goedgekeurd!"; } if(!isset($error)) // this problem is fixed yesterday on phpfreaks.com forum! { echo "goedgedaan geen errors!"; query("SELECT username FROM phpfreaks WHERE password = private"); // example } } else { ?> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>New Document</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <form method="post"> <input type="text" name="gebruikersnaam" value="gebruikersnaam" maxlength="20" size="20"> <input type="password" name="wachtwoord" value="wachtwoord" maxlength="20" size="20"> <input type="password" name="herhaalwachtwoord" value="herhaalwachtwoord" maxlength="20" size="20"> <input type="text" name="email" value="voorbeeld@domeinnaam.extensie" maxlength="50" size="20"> <input type="submit" name="login" value="inloggen"> </form> </BODY> </HTML> <?php } ?> the problem is, is that i want to pass a variable between functions like $type (the database type) between connectdatabase(); and query(); in the 'aanmelden.php' file is an example of how i use the function (on line 3 and 45 the ones with //example comment) thanks for reading. please help. ps. config.php contains include("connect.php"); Hi, In all my classes, I need to declare globals for everything else, from site variables even to objects (other classes). I obviously don't want to as globals are horrible and I need to have functions clean without globals. I have included a list of all the global vars in the construct and it still doesn't work. Example: start.php <?php $vars = array(some values); $some = more; $variables = foo; $helper = new Helper(); $home = new Home(); This is a little bit simplistic, but for some reason, the variables just don't want to go in the main class without a global. Functions will not run if they require any of these variables. I have some questions about the scope of navigation : if i define a constant like define('constant'), php manuel says it's global, does this mean that i can use of different files also? like, i defined in define.php and used in anotherfile.php, or shoud the latter file be included then? what about file a.php includes file b.php which in turn includes file c.php. Can functions of a use variables of file c? ultimately: what about variables that are declared global inside a function but this variables is not initialized in that script, like in wordpress: function date_i18n( $dateformatstring, $unixtimestamp = false, $gmt = false ) { global $wp_locale; // more code } $wp_locale can be initialized in another script file? thanks in advance Almost every time when I read about globals, programmers discourage their use. I have a function where I need to send back some variables (which I will use in a query) so I need to use globals. Below is the function and query. I'm trying to figure out if it's ok to use globals in it. function paginate($connection, $tableName) { //the forsaken globals global $limit; global $start; //Pagination $targetpage = "http://localhost/website/untitled2.php"; $limit = 4; //count rows $sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) as num FROM $tableName"; $total_pages = $connection->query($sql) or die(mysqli_error($connection)); $row = $total_pages->fetch_assoc(); $total_pages = $row['num']; //if there's no page number, set it to the first page $stages = 3; $page = isset($_GET['page']) ? $_GET['page'] : 0; $start = empty($page) ? 0 : ($page - 1) * $limit; // Initial page num setup if ($page == 0){$page = 1;} $prev = $page - 1; $next = $page + 1; $lastpage = ceil($total_pages/$limit); $LastPagem1 = $lastpage - 1; $paginate = ''; if($lastpage > 1) { $paginate .= "<div class='paginate'>"; // Previous if ($page > 1){ $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$prev'>previous</a>"; }else{ $paginate.= "<span class='disabled'>previous</span>"; } // Pages if ($lastpage < 7 + ($stages * 2)) // Not enough pages to breaking it up { for ($counter = 1; $counter <= $lastpage; $counter++) { if ($counter == $page){ $paginate.= "<span class='current'>$counter</span>"; }else{ $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$counter'>$counter</a>";} } } elseif($lastpage > 5 + ($stages * 2)) // Enough pages to hide a few? { // Beginning only hide later pages if($page < 1 + ($stages * 2)) { for ($counter = 1; $counter < 4 + ($stages * 2); $counter++) { if ($counter == $page){ $paginate.= "<span class='current'>$counter</span>"; }else{ $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$counter'>$counter</a>";} } $paginate.= "..."; $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$LastPagem1'>$LastPagem1</a>"; $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$lastpage'>$lastpage</a>"; } // Middle hide some front and some back elseif($lastpage - ($stages * 2) > $page && $page > ($stages * 2)) { $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=1'>1</a>"; $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=2'>2</a>"; $paginate.= "..."; for ($counter = $page - $stages; $counter <= $page + $stages; $counter++) { if ($counter == $page){ $paginate.= "<span class='current'>$counter</span>"; }else{ $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$counter'>$counter</a>";} } $paginate.= "..."; $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$LastPagem1'>$LastPagem1</a>"; $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$lastpage'>$lastpage</a>"; } // End only hide early pages else { $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=1'>1</a>"; $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=2'>2</a>"; $paginate.= "..."; for ($counter = $lastpage - (2 + ($stages * 2)); $counter <= $lastpage; $counter++) { if ($counter == $page){ $paginate.= "<span class='current'>$counter</span>"; }else{ $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$counter'>$counter</a>";} } } } // Next if ($page < $counter - 1){ $paginate.= "<a href='$targetpage?page=$next'>next</a>"; }else{ $paginate.= "<span class='disabled'>next</span>"; } $paginate.= "</div>"; } echo $total_pages.' Results'; // pagination echo $paginate; }//end function and this is how I'm using the function. Without the globals I would get undefined vars $start and $limit used in the query below. paginate($connection, "categories"); $sql = "SELECT * FROM categories ORDER BY cat_name LIMIT $start, $limit"; $cats_result = $connection->query($sql) or die(mysqli_error($connection)); while ($row = $cats_result->fetch_assoc()) { $cat_id = $row['cat_id']; $cat_name = $row['cat_name']; $cat_desc = $row['cat_desc']; ...etc Am I using the globals properly? What does this mean? Code: [Select] {$GLOBALS['path']} Has anyone encountered this bug which had me banging my head against the desk all morning? In the beginning I registered a $GLOBALS['direction'] that equalled to a radio button value. Later in the script I declare a variable $direction that for some strange reason took the value of $GLOBALS['direction'] without me even writing so. So when i compared them they had the same value. As soon as I changed $direction to $directionx the script worked and the value wasn't "copied" to the $GLOBALS. What's up? I WANT TO MAKE AN ARRAY LIKE $GLOBALS structu if you run var_dump($GLOBALS): you will see that this is an array and contains another 9 array with key names. when there is a value(name) in "_POST" you cant use echo $GLOBALS["name"]. but when there is a value("fname") in "GLOBALS" you can use echo $GLOBALS["fname"]. how this array works like that? and how to make an array that behave like that? Edited January 17, 2020 by Silent-BWell I heard that registering $GLOBALS is a bad practice in general since their values can be changed by anyone at anytime. However, the usage of $GLOBALS does simplify the script considerably at times when a certain column in a table needs to be retrieved repeatedly. A good example is user's money data stored in table prefix_users as shown below: Code: [Select] $result = mysql_query( "SELECT * FROM {$prefix}users WHERE uid = '$uid'"); $GLOBALS['usersettings'] = mysql_fetch_array($result); $GLOBALS['money'] = $GLOBALS['usersettings']['money']; If the above code is included in a function file, it will be possible to simply use $GLOBALS['money'] to retrieve user's money data without having to write lines of mysql commands everytime. So I was wondering, is there another way to retrieve database info from a certain column easily but not to register $GLOBALS? Just curious. This topic has been moved to Application Design. http://www.phpfreaks.com/forums/index.php?topic=356029.0 I'm learning functions and I'm working on a rating script. This is a small test script that works, you can try it out yourself: <?php // Rating System function while_test (){ $a = 1; $b = 4; $t_id = 1; global $likes; global $dislikes; global $con_id; while ($a++ <= $b){ echo "<center>"; echo "<table><tr><td>Table: </td></tr>"; echo "<tr><td>This is a table test </td></tr>"; echo "<tr><td><form action='' method='post'>"; echo "<button type='submit' name='likes' value='Y'>likes</button>"; echo "<button type='submit' name='dislikes' value='N'>dislikes</button>"; echo "<input type='hidden' name='hidden_id' value='" . $t_id . "' /></form></td></tr></table>"; echo "</center><br /><br />"; $t_id++; $likes = $_POST['likes']; $dislikes = $_POST['dislikes']; $con_id = $_POST['hidden_id']; } } while_test(); if ($likes) { echo "likes it: " . $likes . " con_id: " . $con_id; } elseif ($dislikes) { echo "dislikes it: " . $dislikes . " con_id: " . $con_id; } ?> I've gotten recommended before not use globals, because the projects would become unmanageable, and I'm wondering how would I be able to avoid using globals in this example? I'm able to in-ject variables through the parenthesis, but I'm not able to out-ject variables, if that makes sense. (?) At least it doesn't work for me. How would I use those three variables $likes, $dislikes and $con_id outside the function without setting them as globals, what would be good practice? Hi I'm currently experiencing problems with my super global outputs.
I'm using
$_SERVER['HTTP_X_MXIT_NICK']; I have been trying to better understand how php works on a more in depth level, and recently I have been tinkering with arrays. Using print_r() I have been studying the $GLOBAL array, and I found something I can't seem to find an explanation for. In my $GLOBALS array there are variables I have set in a configuration file, but never actually made into globals. Take the following code, and its output for example. echo "<pre>"; echo print_r($GLOBALS); echo "</pre>"; The output: Code: [Select] Array ( [GLOBALS] => Array *RECURSION* [_POST] => Array ( ) [_GET] => Array ( ) [_COOKIE] => Array ( [PHPSESSID] => fai4rtfgdt6o6iaihh62d0pa15 ) [_FILES] => Array ( ) [_SERVER] => Array ( [HTTP_HOST] => DOMAIN [HTTP_USER_AGENT] => Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100914 Firefox/3.6.10 [HTTP_ACCEPT] => text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 [HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE] => en-us,en;q=0.5 [HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING] => gzip,deflate [HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET] => ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 [HTTP_KEEP_ALIVE] => 115 [HTTP_CONNECTION] => keep-alive [HTTP_REFERER] => http://DOMAIN/test.php [HTTP_COOKIE] => PHPSESSID=fai4rtfgdt6o6iaihh62d0pa15 [HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL] => max-age=0 [CONTENT_TYPE] => application/x-www-form-urlencoded [CONTENT_LENGTH] => 67 [PATH] => /sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin [SERVER_SIGNATURE] => [SERVER_SOFTWARE] => Apache [SERVER_NAME] => DOMAIN [SERVER_ADDR] => IPADDRESS [SERVER_PORT] => 80 [REMOTE_ADDR] => 198.65.168.24 [DOCUMENT_ROOT] => /home/USER/www/DOMAIN [SERVER_ADMIN] => webmaster@DOMAIN [SCRIPT_FILENAME] => /home/USER/www/DOMAIN/test.php [REMOTE_PORT] => 43272 [GATEWAY_INTERFACE] => CGI/1.1 [SERVER_PROTOCOL] => HTTP/1.1 [REQUEST_METHOD] => POST [QUERY_STRING] => [REQUEST_URI] => /test.php [SCRIPT_NAME] => /test.php [PHP_SELF] => /test.php [REQUEST_TIME] => 1286050077 ) [date] => October 2, 2010 [db_date] => 10/02/2010 [error] => Array ( ) ) 1 The 3 items at the bottom. Code: [Select] [date] => October 2, 2010 [db_date] => 10/02/2010 [error] => Array Were set inside of a php config file. My question is, how did they end up in the $GLOBALS array? I am using a MVC framework and in my controller I have defined a class variable for configurations. In my action I have a call to the configuration class to set the class variable to the current configurations. Code: [Select] public $configArray = array(); public function actionBuild($id) { $this->configArray=Config::model()->getConfigArray($id); $this->buildStep1(); ... } When I echo the configuration in the method it is 10 but when I echo in buildStep1 it is 11. What is the proper way for configArray to be global and updated when I call getConfigArray for use in functions in the class? I just want to know how to create a global variable from within a function. The reason I want to do this is I'm making mysql queries that may or may not have data in a function, if the data does indeed exist, I want to declare variables at that point. My queries are grouped logically by year/month, and as a result I'm going to be appending data to existing variables if they exist so it makes more sense to just append it to what would be the global variable anyways instead of just passing large strings out of the function to just be appended anyways -- plus it prevents me from creating a bunch of pointless variables. I intend additionally take the variables created inside the function and then store them in an encompassing global array (pre-defined outside of function) and at the end of the script do a foreach through it so I can iterate through the variables to grab my data knowing that there won't be pointless crap in there. I'm trying to create global variables by using variable variables ($$whichever). The code giving me issues inside the function is just like this: Code: [Select] function SeekAndAppend ($vars, $being, $passed) { global $$whatever; // Trying to define it here global $array; // Calling predefined $array $array[] = "$$whatever"; // Passing just created global to the array for iteration later } When I iterate through the array the expected name of what would be the global variable name is there, but the global variable itself does not exist -- just at the function level. If someone has a recommendation on a better way to do it, I'll listen, but please don't turn it into a lecture. EDIT: Grammar & Clarity HI! Can someone explain the variables $value and $key that are being produced at the end of the output by the following code. It seems like the foreach loop is creating two extra variables. <?php $test_1 = "matt"; $test_2 = "kim"; $test_3 = "jessica"; $test_4 = "keri"; foreach ($GLOBALS as $key => $value) { echo $key . "- - -" . $value; echo "<br />"; } ?> Output GLOBALS- - -Array _POST- - -Array _GET- - -Array _COOKIE- - -Array _FILES- - -Array test_1- - -matt test_2- - -kim test_3- - -jessica test_4- - -keri value- - -keri key- - -value Thanks! steadythecourse |
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