PHP - Moved: $belongsto Relations

Hello Community, maybe I'm a little bit over-worked, but I'm stucked in a problem with recursive database queries.

I have a DB table with from/to relations. Here is an excerpt for only one relation (from rel_item_id_from=3 to rel_item_id_to=3):

rel_id	rel_item_id_from	rel_item_id_to
1		52					3
2		3					17

My question is: How can I get a recursive solution to get the upward and downward children? It is also possible to have multiple relations (1:n or n:m).

Thanks for your assistance - OLK

I am trying to add a friendship relation between users, but the friends ID always sets to 0 in the database.

Tables:
I have a members table that includes all my members information and a user_friendship table that relates each member.

user_friendship (friendship_id(PK), user_id(FK), friend_if(FK), status(default=0), date_created)

The users id is stored in a cookie called user_id and the friends id is stored in a cookie called v_user_id.
When I execute the following code, the 'friend_id' is set to 0, but everything else works:

$sql = "INSERT INTO user_friendship (user_id, friend_id, status) VALUES ('$_COOKIE[user_id]', '$_COOKIE[v_user_id]', '0')";
$result = mysql_query($sql);

Please help me, going nuts 

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